On average, people can lose up to 100 hairs from their scalp each day. Occasionally you will see a few hairs on the comb after combing your hair. Factors such as age, genetics, hormones, medications, pregnancy, cosmetics, stress, diet, or certain illnesses can all be possible causes of hair loss.
- What is hair loss?
Hair is made up of a protein called keratin that is produced in the hair follicles in the outer layer of the skin. As the hair follicles make new hair cells, the old cells are pushed away from the surface of the skin at a rate of about 15.3 centimeters per year. The hairs that we see are in fact dead keratin cells. The average adult will have about 100,000 to 150,000 hairs and lose up to about 100 hairs per day for a variety of reasons. So it’s not something to be alarmed about if every day you see a few hairs stuck in your comb.
At any given time, about 90% of the hair on the average person’s scalp is still growing. Each hair follicle has its own life cycle and is influenced by age, disease and a host of other factors. The life cycle of each hair follicle can be divided into 3 phases:
Growth phase: This stage usually lasts from 2 to 8 years. During this period, hair grows quite quickly
Recession phase: The transition of stages 1 and 3, hair begins to grow slowly. This phase lasts from 2 to 3 weeks
Resting phase: Lasts 2 to 3 months. This is the stage when the hair follicles stop working. This phase may come earlier in people with prolonged stress. The hair cells in this stage are dead cells and tend to be keratinized like the epidermis on the surface of the skin.
Corresponding to the stages of hair follicles, hair loss can include many types including:
Natural hair loss: A condition in which hair falls out gradually with age. Many hair follicles begin to enter the resting phase, so the hair becomes shorter and less numerous
Hereditary hair loss: Hereditary hair loss can occur in both men and women. Men with hereditary hair loss are also known as male pattern baldness and can begin to appear by the age of 20. For women, usually the age of this disease is over 40 years old and the hair falls out evenly over the entire scalp.
Sudden hair loss: It can lead to patchy or even total hair loss in children and adolescents. However, about 90% of people with this condition will grow their hair back within a few years.
Scar alopecia: Inflammation of the scalp (cellulitis, folliculitis, acne…) and other skin disorders like lupus often leave scars and destroy the skin’s ability to regenerate hair. head. Using a sharp comb can also cause damage that can lead to permanent hair loss.
- Hair loss basics
2.1. Causes of hair loss
Currently, doctors as well as hair and scalp experts have not been able to find the reason why some hair follicles have a shorter growth time than others. However, studies conducted have shown that several factors can be the cause of hair loss, including:
Hormonal disorders: Abnormal levels of certain hormones, typically androgens, can lead to mass hair loss.
Genetic factors: Some genes for male pattern baldness can be passed on from parents to their children.
Prolonged stress, certain medical conditions, and women during pregnancy and breastfeeding can cause temporary hair loss. In addition, roundworms or fungi can also cause hair loss.
Certain medications, especially those used in cancer chemotherapy, blood thinners, beta-adrenergic blockers used to regulate blood pressure, and birth control pills, can cause temporary hair loss.
Burns, trauma, or X-ray damage can also cause temporary hair loss. In case the wound does not leave a scar, the hair may regrow after the wound has healed.
Autoimmune diseases: Some problems related to the body’s immune system cause it to attack keratin cells leading to hair loss. However, in most cases, the hair will grow back even darker and thicker than it was before the disease.
Performing care and beauty procedures such as shampooing, perm, dyeing… too often can make hair thin, weak and brittle. However, hair can grow back after a period of discontinuation. Care should be taken to avoid leaving scalp lesions as they can cause permanent patches of hair loss.
Certain medical conditions such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, lupus erythematosus, diabetes, iron deficiency anemia, and digestive disorders can cause hair loss.
A diet with severe protein or energy deficiencies can also lead to temporary hair loss.
2.2. Symptoms of hair loss
Signs of hair loss and hair loss vary between men and women, and between adults and children. The signs of hair loss in men include The condition of thinning and thinning hair, there are some areas where hair cannot grow while the signs of hair loss in women are thinning and thinning especially hair loss. at the top of the head.
Signs of hair loss in children and adolescents can include:
A patch of hair that falls out completely suddenly
Hair loss and hair loss on all parts of the body
Excessive hair loss but not complete baldness after certain diseases, drug treatment, rapid weight loss, anemia, or stress.
2.3. Hair loss treatment
Although treatments for hair loss have been around since ancient times, most methods cannot completely cure the condition. For cosmetic purposes, many people can use wigs, paint eyebrows and eyelashes that have fallen out…. Some medications have also been used to slow down hair loss and promote hair growth.
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